Some Indications of Language Gain During Study Abroad

• Time spent abroad predicted language proficiency for advanced undergraduate learners (Carroll, 1967).
• Students make significant gains in speaking and listening and less substantial gains in literacy (Willis et al.,1977).
• Significant gains in listening and speaking (Dyson, 1988)
• Significant gains on self assessment (Opper et al. 1990).
• Less proficient students show the greatest gains.
• Students make significant gains on Oral Proficiency Interviews (Foltz, 1991; Veguez, 1984).
• Students gained in terms of speech rate and length of time between utterances, but not in terms of frequency of grammatical errors, sentence length and syntactic complexity (Möhle & Raupach, 1983).